What is the purpose of compaction in asphalt paving?

The purpose of compaction in asphalt paving is fundamentally to ensure proper density and stability of the asphalt layer. When asphalt is compacted, air voids within the mixture are minimized, increasing the density of the asphalt. This is crucial because a denser pavement surface leads to improved load-bearing capacity, resistance to deformation, and longevity of the pavement.

Achieving the correct density helps in preventing issues such as rutting and cracking, which can occur if the asphalt is too porous or soft due to inadequate compaction. Proper density also contributes to the structural integrity of the pavement, ensuring that it can withstand the stresses imposed by traffic and environmental factors over time.

In contrast, reducing the thickness of the layer, enhancing thermal properties, or determining moisture content are aspects that do not directly relate to the primary goal of compaction. Each of those alternatives addresses different aspects of asphalt paving that are important, but they do not capture the essential purpose of compaction in achieving a strong and durable pavement surface.